Short answer
Each of the nine islands has its own character. São Miguel is the largest and most developed, with the main airport and city (Ponta Delgada). Terceira has a strong cultural identity and a UNESCO-listed old town. Pico is dominated by Portugal's highest mountain, while Faial is known for its sailing scene. The smaller islands like Corvo, Flores, Graciosa and São Jorge are quieter and more rural. Santa Maria has the warmest climate and sandy beaches.
General information, not legal or tax advice. Rules and amounts change: confirm with official sources.
